Your car depends on a variety of fluids and filters to keep it running smoothly and efficiently. Ignoring them can lead to poor performance, increased wear, and costly repairs. The good news? Most of these components are easy to check and maintain with regular service. Staying on top of your vehicle’s fluids and filters is one of the best ways to extend its life and avoid trouble on the road.
Here’s a breakdown of what to keep an eye on and how to make sure everything stays in good shape.
Engine Oil
Engine oil lubricates moving parts, reduces friction, and helps regulate temperature. Over time, oil breaks down and gets contaminated with dirt and debris.
- Check the oil level monthly using the dipstick.
- Look for clean, amber-colored oil—if it’s dark or gritty, it’s time to change it.
- Replace the oil and oil filter every 5,000 to 7,500 miles, or sooner if you drive in harsh conditions.
Coolant (Antifreeze)
Coolant keeps your engine from overheating and prevents internal corrosion.
- Make sure the coolant reservoir is filled to the correct level.
- Look for bright green, orange, or pink fluid—cloudy or rusty coolant means it needs to be flushed.
- Replace coolant every 2 to 5 years, depending on your vehicle’s maintenance schedule.
Brake Fluid
Brake fluid transfers the force from your brake pedal to the brake components. It also absorbs moisture over time, which can reduce effectiveness.
- Check the brake fluid reservoir for level and clarity.
- If it’s dark or sludgy, it needs to be replaced.
- Flush and refill brake fluid every 2–3 years to maintain safe stopping power.
Transmission Fluid
This fluid lubricates and cools the transmission, keeping your gear shifts smooth.
- Check for pink or red fluid—dark or burnt-smelling fluid means it needs service.
- Some vehicles have sealed systems, so a technician may need to check it for you.
- Follow your owner’s manual for service intervals, usually every 30,000 to 60,000 miles.
Power Steering Fluid
Power steering fluid helps you steer easily and smoothly.
- Check the reservoir and top off if needed.
- If steering feels stiff or noisy, you might be low on fluid or have a leak.
- Replace fluid if it’s dirty or contaminated.
Windshield Washer Fluid
Washer fluid helps keep your windshield clean and clear.
- Top off regularly, especially before road trips or during bug season.
- Make sure the spray nozzles are working and not clogged.
Air Filters
Your vehicle has two main filters: the engine air filter and the cabin air filter.
- Engine air filter: Keeps dirt out of your engine. Replace every 15,000–30,000 miles.
- Cabin air filter: Cleans the air inside your car. Replace every 12,000–20,000 miles, or sooner if airflow is reduced or you smell something musty.
Final Thoughts
Keeping your car’s fluids and filters in check is one of the simplest ways to protect your investment. These components may be small, but they have a big impact on how your car runs. If you’re unsure about the condition of your fluids or filters, ask your local repair shop for a quick inspection. A little maintenance now can help you avoid major problems later.
